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だ
To be, Is
です
To be, Is
は
As for... (Highlights sentence topic)
も
Also, Too, As well, Even, Either, Neither
これ
This
それ
That
あれ
That (over there)
の
Indicates possession
良（い）い
い-Adjective meaning 'good'
い-Adjective
Adjectives ending in い
な-Adjective
Adjectives that are also nouns
か
Question marking particle
が
Subject marking particle, Identification particle
よ
Emphasis (Sentence ending particle)
ね
Isn't it?, Right? (Sentence ending particle)
る-Verb (Dictionary)
る + ます (Ichidan Verbs)
う-Verb (Dictionary)
う + ます (Godan Verbs)
を
Object marking particle
ます
Polite Verb Endings
る-Verb (Negative)
Will/Does/Do (not)
う-Verb (Negative)
Will/Does/Do (not)
と
And
ここ
Here, This place
そこ
There, That place
あそこ
Over there
で
At, In
に
In, At, To, For, On
か
Or
と
With
でしょう
Right?, Probably, Isn't it?
だろう
Right?, Probably, Isn't it?
が有（あ）る
To be, There is
が居（い）る
To be, There is, To remain (in a state)
この
This
その
That
あの
That (over there)
んです・のです
Explanatory, Emphasis, The fact is
の (Questions)
Contextual and Explanatory Questions
い-Adjective (Past)
Was, Were (Past tense)
のは・のが
Verb nominalizer, The one who..., That which...
い-Adjective + (Noun)
Describing a noun
な-Adjective + (Noun)
Describing a noun
へ行（い）く
To go to, To head toward
する
To do, To make into
来（く）る
To come
る-Verb (Past)
る - Verbs (Past tense)
う-Verb (Past)
う - Verbs (Past tense)
好（す）き
Like, Fond of
嫌（きら）い
Dislike, Not fond of
のが好（す）き
Like doing, Love doing
がある + (Noun)
Noun (B) that has Noun (A), Noun (B) with Noun (A)
くない
Not (Adjective)
で
With, By (using)
ので
Because, So, Since, The reason being
から
Because, Since
から
From
けど
But, However
が
But, However
る-Verb (Negative-Past)
る - Verbs (Negative-past tense)
う-Verb (Negative-Past)
う - Verbs (Negative-past tense)
～て (Conjunction)
And, Then (Linking events)
～ている ①
Is, Am, Are (~ing)
へ
To, Toward
～に行（い）く
To go ~, To go in order to ~
誰（だれ）
Who
なぜ
Why
どうして
Why
なんで
Why
い-Adjective + です (Predicate)
い-Adjective (Predicate)
な-Adjective + だ (Predicate)
な-Adjective (Predicate)
だった・でした
Was, Were (Past tense)
じゃない
Is not, Isn't
じゃなかった
Was not, Wasn't
くなかった
Was not, Wasn't (Adjective)
と
Quotation
って
Casual quotation
Verb (Non-Past)
(Non-past)
～た + (Noun)
Verb modified noun, Relative clause
が・の (Subject)
Particle Swapping
の
Possessive use (Noun omission)
な (Prohibitive)
Do not, Don't (Prohibitive)
だけ
Only, Just
どれ
Which (of three or more)
どこ
Where
どの
Which (of three or more), What (kind)
～ている ②
State of being, Has (have) done
～てから
Once...is done, Once...happens, After doing
～て (Sequence)
And, And then, After that (sequence)
もう
Already, Anymore
まだ
Still
まだ～ていません
Still haven't done (something)
～てもいい
It is alright/fine/okay even if, Can/may, ~ is also okay
たい
Want to do
たり～たりする
Things like ~ and ~
結構（けっこう）
Quite, A lot, Fairly, Rather
沢山（たくさん）
Many, A lot of, Plenty, Enough
前（まえ）に
Before, In front of
くらい ①
About, Approximately
Noun + まで
Until, Till, To (but no further than)
Verb + まで
Until (something) happens
過（す）ぎる
Too much, Very
にする
To decide on, To choose, To make something into, To view something as
になる・くなる
To become (Adjective)
の中（なか）で～が一番（いちばん）
Out of ~, ~ is the best/most ~
より～の方（ほう）が
To be more ~ than ~
何（なに） + か
Something, Nothing, Anything, Not anything, Some kind of, Not any kind of
誰（だれ）か・どこか・誰（だれ）も・どこも
Someone, Somewhere, Not anyone, Not anywhere
ましょう
Let's, Shall we (Polite volitional)
ましょうか
Shall we, Shall I
ませんか
Won't you, Would you not, Why don't we
～てもいい (Verb)
It's okay to, It's alright to, Can/may
～て下（くだ）さい
Please do (Polite request)
～ないで下（くだ）さい
Please don't (Polite request)
～てはいけない
Must not, May not
なくてはいけない
Must do, Have to do
なくてはならない
Must do, Have to do
～た方（ほう）がいい
It'd be better to, Should do
ない方（ほう）がいい
It'd be better not to, Shouldn't do
なくちゃ・なきゃ
Must do, Have to do
や
Things like, And the like
～たことがある
Have done before
～ている ③
Has/have done, Is ~ing (Repetition)
～て (Adjectives and Nouns)
And... (Conjunctive)
～て (Qualities and States)
And..., Both and (Conjunctive)
のが下手（へた）
To be bad at, Poor at, Unskillful
のが上手（じょうず）
To be good at, Proficient
(Adjective) + のは
The 'one' that... (Indefinite pronoun, Adjective nominalization)
あげる
To give (away), To present, To provide
くれる
To give (me), To be given
貰（もら）う
To receive, To get, To obtain
けれども
But, Although
つもりだ
To plan to, To intend to
でも
Or something, Any... (with question words), No matter (who)
～易（やす）い
Easy to, Likely to
にくい
Difficult to, Hard to
づらい
Hard to, Tough to, Painful to, Difficult to
段々（だんだん）
Gradually, Little by little, Step by step
どんどん
Progressively, Rapidly increasing, More and more
等（ら）
We, Them, They, These, Those
～ていく
To ~ and go, To go on, To start
～てくる
To come to, To become, To continue, To be starting to, Has been ~ing
方（かた）
Way of ~ing, How to ~, Manner of ~ing
だけで
Just by, Just with
だが
But, Still, However, Nevertheless
なくて (Sequence)
To not ~ and ~, Not ~ and ~ (Conjugations)
なくて (Reasons and Causes)
Not ~ and, Not so, Because not (Examples)
ないで
Without doing, Not ~ and ~
れる・られる (Passive)
Was done to ~ by ~, Done without consent, Done to one's dismay
他動詞（たどうし）・自動詞（じどうし）
Done through action vs. occurring on its own
直（なお）す
To do over, To redo
と言（い）う事（こと）
~ing, The ~ that ~ (Nominalization)
時（とき）
When, At the time of
まず
To start with, Firstly
まで
Even, To even, To the extent of
までに
By ~, By the time that ~, Before ~
また
Also, As well, Moreover, Again, Additionally
始（はじ）める
To start, To begin to
終（お）わる
To finish, To end
頃（ころ）
Around, About
後（あと）で
After, Later
～ていた
Was doing ~
に (Frequency)
Times (In each time period), Every, Frequency of
到頭（とうとう）
Finally, After all
より
More than, Over
毎（ごと）に
Each, Every
なるべく
As ~ as possible, Wherever practicable
～る所（ところ）だ
About to, On the verge of
のに
Despite, Although, Even though
と思（おも）う
I think
等（など）
Such as, Things like, Etc., And so on
みたい
Like, Similar to, Resembling
こと
Converting a verb into a noun
そう
Look like, Appear, Seem, Have a feeling that
さ
Converting adjectives to nouns
とか
Among other things, For example, Such as
そういう
Like that, Kind of
う・よう (Volitional)
Let's, I shall (Casual volitional)
様（よう）だ
It seems that, It appears that, It looks like
全然（ぜんぜん）
(Not) at all
かな
I wonder
余（あま）り～ない
Not very, Not much, Not really, Hardly
ば
If… then, (Conditional)
なら
Were it, If, If it's the case, As for (Conditional)
がる
To feel, To think, To act as if, To want, To desire
がする
To give off, Smell, Sound, Taste, Sensation
する (Have/Wear)
Have (a feature), Wear (an accessory)
たがる
To want to (Third person)
かもしれない
Might, Maybe, Probably
みたいに
Like, Similar to, Resembling
そうに
Seem, Look like, Sound
の様（よう）に
Like (Noun), Similar to (Noun)
う・よう + と思（おも）う
I think I will, I think I shall, Going to, Gonna (Volitional + と思う)
く・に
～ly (Describing verbs), Adverbs
にする・くする
Adjective + する, To make something/someone (more)
くは
Emphasis and Contrast
といい
I hope, I wish, You should, It would be good
様（よう）になる
To reach the point that, To come to be that, To turn into
毎（まい）～の様（よう）に
Almost every ~, Nearly every ~, On a ~ basis
じゃないか
Isn't it?, Is it not?
らしい ①
Seems like, Apparently, I heard
～ておく
To do something in advance
が欲（ほ）しい
To want something, To be in need of
～て欲（ほ）しい
I want you to
と聞（き）いた
I heard that
聞（き）こえる
To be audible, To sound (like), (Can) hear, To be heard
見（み）える
To be visible, To seem, To be in sight
出（だ）す
To suddenly begin, To start doing
代（だい）
Teens, Twenties, Thirties, 1910s, 20s/30s
かかる (Time/Price)
Costs (money), Takes (time)
する (Have/Wear)
Cost (money), Run you about (a certain price)
Number + も
Emphasis, As ~ as, Not even
殆（ほとん）ど
Almost all, Most, Hardly any, Few (Adverbial noun)
そんな
Such a・Kind of, Something like ~
各（かく）
Each, Every, Respective, Various
の次（つぎ）に
Next to (rank), Second to, Ranked after
以上（いじょう） ①
More than (or equal to), Over・(and) above, Any more・Greater, Exceeding
以下（いか）
Less than (or equal to), Under・(and) below, Any less・fewer, Not exceeding
以外（いがい）
Except・besides, Other than, With the exception of
ずっと ①
Continuously, All throughout, Entire time, Ever (since), The whole time, All the way
大体（だいたい）
Most・mostly, Adequately・generally, For the most part, Roughly・approximately, In the first place
の中（なか）で
In, Among, Within
様（よう） + に・な
As・like, Just like
(Amount) + は
At least, Sort of, Or so
何（なん） + (Counter) + か
Some, Several, A few
真（ま）っ
Completely, Exactly, Right
(Number) + しか〜ない
No more than, Not exceeding, As few as・as little as, Only
は～の一（ひと）つだ
〜 is one of (many) 〜
ない～はない
There is not ~ that is not/does not
少（すこ）しも～ない
Not even a little, Not at all, Not in the least, Never
少（すく）なくない
Quite a few, Quite a lot, Many, Not a few, Not a little
場合（ばあい）は
In the event of, In the case of
～て (Casual Request)
Please do for me (Casual request)
～てよかった
I'm glad that
せる・させる (Causative)
To make/let/have (somebody do something)
と言（い）ってもいい
You could say, You might say
～ても・でも
Even if, Even though
～てしまう
To do something by accident, To finish completely・totally, Unfortunately
～て (Reasons and Causes)
And・and so, Due to, Because of, Since, Conjunctive
させられる (Causative-Passive)
Verbs (Causative-passive voice), To be made to do something, To be forced to do
～て (Means and Manner)
By, With, On, By means of, ~ing with
～てある
Something is done, Has been done, Remaining state
様（よう）に～て欲（ほ）しい
Want ~ to ~ like ~, Want ~ to be able to ~, Want ~ to ~ in the way of ~
～ている間（あいだ）に
While, During the time that ~
なくてもいい
Don't have to
～てみる
To try to
～てすみません
I'm sorry for
～てあげる
To do something for someone, As a favor for
～てくれる
To do something for someone (usually you)
～てもらう
To get someone to do, To have someone do
なさい
Command to do
～て (Non-Sequence)
Non-sequence, And, But (Contrast), Parallel action/state
ないで (Casual Request)
(Please) do not (for me), Casual request
～てくれてありがとう
Thank you for ~ ing
～て + くれない
Won't you?, Will you?, Could you?, Can you?, Would you?
のだろうか
I wonder...
お～になる
To do (Honorific)
なさる
To do (Honorific)
お～ください
Please do (Honorific)
いらっしゃる
To be (Honorific), To come (Honorific), To go (Honorific)
御座（ござ）います
To be, To exist (Polite)
で御座（ござ）います
To be, Polite copula
お〜する
I humbly do, I am obliged to do, Humble speech
致（いた）す
To do (Humble), To venerably do
～ていただけませんか
Won't you, Could you please (Humble request)
たら
When, From when, Just when, If
他（ほか）に
Other, Another, Any other, Anything else, As well as, Besides, In addition
が必要（ひつよう）
Need, Necessary
そんなに
So (much), That much, Like that
必要（ひつよう）がある
It is necessary to
例（たと）えば
For example
れる・られる (Potential)
To be able, Can (Potential)
んだけど
But..., And...
筈（はず）だ
Bound to (be), Expected to (be), Should be (able)
かどうか
Whether or not, If...or not
と
If, When, Whenever, And, [Conditional]
ないと
Must, Have to
筈（はず）がない
Hardly possible, Cannot be, Highly unlikely, Improbable
しか～ない
There's only, Nothing but
だけでなく
Not only… but also
ことが出来（でき）る
Can, Be able to
かい
Question marker
もし
If (For emphasis)
し (Reasons)
And, Giving reasons
でできる
Made of, Made from, Produced from, Come from
ながら
While ~ing, During, As
～た所（ところ）だ
Just finished doing, Was just doing
～ている所（ところ）だ
In the process of doing ~ right now/at this moment
と～と、どちらが
Between ~ which one
様（よう）にする
To try to, To make sure to, To endeavor to
なければいけない
Must do, Have to do
なければならない
Must do, Have to do
続（つづ）ける
To continue
様（よう）に言（い）う
To tell, request, or order to do (in such a way)
予定（よてい）だ
Plan to, Intend to
様（よう）に祈（いの）る
Pray that/for, Hope that/for, Keep fingers crossed that
～たばかり
Just did, Something just happened
化（か）する
-ification, -ization, To make something, To change, To become, Transform into
命令形（めいれいけい）
(Verb)!, Do (something)!
様（よう）に
So that, In order to, In such a way that
かしら
I wonder
らしい ②
typical of, -ish・like, appropriate for, becoming of, befitting
って感（かん）じ
Kind of thing, Kind of vibe, Kind of feeling
にみえる
To look, To seem, To appear
と見（み）える
It seems that, It can be deduced, One can conclude that
風（ふう）
-style, Way, Fashion
が見（み）られる
Can see, Can be seen, Can observe, Can be observed, Be evident, Chance to see something
に気（き）が付（つ）く
To notice (that), To realize (that)
でも〜でも
Whether ~ or, Neither ~ or
それに
And, Besides, Moreover, In addition
それで
Because of that, So?, And then?, Therefore, With that
(Question-Phrase) + か
Including questions within sentences
それでも
But still, And yet, Even so, Nevertheless
たらどう
Why don't you...?, What if you did...?
と考（かんが）えられている
Is considered, Is thought of as
とされている
To be considered, To be deemed, Be regarded as, Be accepted as, To be said, To be accredited with
と言（い）われている
It is said that, Is known as
ば良（よ）かった
Should have, I wish, It would have been better to
ばいい
Can, Should, It'd be good if
たらいい・といい
It would be nice if, It would be good if, Should, I hope
中（ちゅう）
During, While, Throughout, In the process of
の間（あいだ）に
While, During, Between, Period
内（うち）に
While, During
ない内（うち）に
Before it becomes, Before ~ occurs, Without
べき
Must, Should , Ought to
べきではない
Should not, Must not , Ought not to
って
As for, Speaking of, Casual は (Sentence topic marker)
中々（なかなか）
Very, Quite, Considerably
余（あま）り
So much...that
中々（なかなか）～ない
Not really, Hardly, Not easily or readily, By no means, Far from
によると
According to
による
By means of, According to, Depending on, Because of, Due to
全（まった）く～ない
Not~at all
事（こと）だ
Should, Ought
そうだ
I heard that, It is said that
すると
Having done..., If...is done..., (And/just) then, Thereupon, If so
そうすると
Having done that..., If that is done..., (And/just) then, Thereupon, If so
のは～の方（ほう）だ
It is...that..., It is...who..., ...is the one that..., ...is the one who...
(Noun) + 型（がた）
Model, Type, Pattern, Kind, Shape, Size(d)
てご覧（らん）
(Please) try to, (Please) look
させてもらう
To have the honor of doing, To take the liberty of doing, To do (polite, formal)
(Particle) + の
Combined particles
である
Formal or literary だ, Authoritative, Copula
ところが
Even so, However, Even though, But
ところで
By the way, Incidentally
程（ほど）
The more, About, To the extent that, So much… that
ば～程（ほど）
The more…the more
程（ほど）～ない
Is not as…as, Isn't... like..., Not to the extent of...
それでは
If so, Well (then), In that case
のに
In order to
為（ため）に
For, For the sake of, In order to
為（ため）に
Due to, Because of, As a result of
と言（い）う
Called, Named, Known as, As much as
と言（い）う事（こと）だ
I heard that, Rumor has it that, It is said that, It means that
と言（い）うのは
~ Known as ~ is, ~ Called ~ is, ~ Means ~, Because
的（てき）
~ly・~like・~al, Typical
もの・もん
Because, Cause
ものだ
Supposed to, Should, That's the way it is
最中（さいちゅう）に
In the middle of
上（うえ）で
After, Upon
お陰（かげ）で
Thanks to, Because of
に基（もと）づいて
Based on, In accordance with
点（てん）
Aspect, Respect, Point, Way, In terms of, In that, From the point of view
なぜなら + から
Because, The reason is, That is because
こそ
For sure, For certain, Even more so, Underlined or bolded text
からこそ
Emphasized because, Precisely because
ばかり
Just, Only, Nothing but
ばかりだ
(Only) continue to, Keep on -ing, More and more
ばかりに
Simply because, Only because, Just because, Simply on account of
事（こと）がある
Something is possible, Sometimes, Occasionally, There are times when
事（こと）にする
To decide on, Have decided to
事（こと）なの
(A) is (Description of A), (A) means that (Description of A)
事（こと）になる
It will end up being, It is the result of, It has been decided that
は～で有名（ゆうめい）
Is famous for
事（こと）はない
There is no need to, Never happens
と言（い）っても
Although ~ might say that ~
といえば
Speaking of, If it were the case that
合（あ）う
To do for one another, Mutually, With
に合（あ）わせて
In accordance with, Matching, Fitting, Suitable for, Adjust or tune to
について
Concerning, About, Regarding
の姿（すがた）
Figure, Shape, Appearance, Looks, Wearing, Dressed in, Presence
と言（い）える
Would or could say that..., Can probably say that..., Fair to say that...
ちゃんと
Properly, Neatly, Orderly, Sufficiently, Decently
その為（ため）に
For that reason, Because of that, To that end
その結果（けっか）
As a result
に比（くら）べて
Compared to, When compared to
どんなに～ても
No matter how
いくら～でも
No matter how (much)
かは〜によって違（ちが）う
Depends on, Changes depending on, Differ depending on
かなり
Quite, Considerably, Pretty, Fairly
余（あま）りに
So much...that, (Way) too...
訳（わけ）だ
For that reason, No wonder, As you'd expect, Naturally, Thus, This is why
訳（わけ）ではない
It doesn't mean that, It is not the case, It's not like
と同時（どうじ）に
At the same time as, The instant, The moment, As well as
ところだった ①
Almost, Nearly, About to, On the verge of
だって
I heard/was said, Because, But, Even or also, Even if or even though
んだって
I heard that, He or She said that
関係（かんけい）がある
(Not) involved with, (Not) concerned with, (No) connection with, (No) relationship with, (Not) related to
に関（かん）して
Related to, About, Regarding
に対（たい）して
In contrast to, While, In regard to, Whereas
くらい ②
To the extent that, So…that, About the only thing that...
は～くらいです
About the only, To the extent that
さ (Interjection)
All right, There we go, Now, You see, Well (I don't know, let me see)
さ (Filler)
Like, You know, You see, Listen, Uhh
さ (Casual よ)
Casual よ
それぞれ
Each, Respectively
ままに (As Is)
As is, While remaining, Left in a state
そこで
Accordingly, Now, Therefore, To that end
しかない
Have no choice but, Only, Just
～ても構（かま）わない
It doesn't matter if, I don't mind
～ても～なくても
Whether ~ or not
んじゃない
Don't, Mustn't, Shouldn't have
訳（わけ）がない
There is no way, There is no reason, It is impossible, Cannot be
とすると
If it were the case that, Assuming that...
として
As (i.e. in the role of), For
にしては
(Even) considering, (Even) for
にしても
Even though, Even if, Even when, Also
と言（い）うのは事実（じじつ）だ
It is a fact that ~, There is no doubt that
から言（い）うと
Speaking in terms of, From the point of view of
にとって
To, For, Concerning
事（こと）から
From the fact that
と言（い）うより
...is more of a... than a..., Rather than saying that...
はもちろん
Not only but also, Let alone, Not to mention, Of course
を始（はじ）め
Not only...but also..., Starting with
～て初（はじ）めて
For the first time, Not until, Only after, Only when, Only because
さえ
Even
さえ～ば
If only…then, As long as..., Provided..., Only thing ... needs for ... is ...
～たものだ
Used to
さて
Well, Well then
むしろ
Rather, Instead, Over
つまり
In short, To sum up, In other words
即（すなわ）ち
In other words, That is, Namely
却（かえ）って
All the more, On the contrary, Conversely
まるで～様（よう）だ
It is entirely as if, It is just as though
様（よう）な気（き）がする
Have a feeling that
とても～ない
Not ~ at all, Cannot ~ at all
別（べつ）に～ない
Not really, Not particularly, It's not like...
ばかりでなく
Not only…but also, As well as
ではなくて
Not A but B, Conjunctive
だけでなくて～も
Not only ~ but ~ also, Not just ~ but ~ also
だけしか～ない
To emphasize '~only', Nothing but
は言（い）うまでもない ①
It goes without saying (that), (It is) needless to say, I don't need to remind you
決（けっ）して〜ない
Never, By no means
訳（わけ）には行（い）かない
Cannot afford to, No way, Impossible to do
う・よう + としない
Not willing to, Not make an effort to, To not attempt or try to, Volitional + としない
もしかしたら
Perhaps, Maybe, Possibly
たとえ〜ても
Even if…is the case, Supposing that
ことに
Extremely, Especially, To my ...
事（こと）か
How…, What..., God knows...
かと言（い）うと ①
Why? Well..., Why? Because..., If you ask me why..., The reason why is..., It is because...
かと言（い）うと ②
If you ask me..., If I had to say, If I were to say, If I were to choose one, I'd rather
で言（い）うと
In, Of, According to
ずつ
One at a time, Per, Each, Gradually
ずっと ②
By far, Way, Far...er, Far...more
だらけ
Completely covered in, Full of
尤（もっと）も
Although, But, However, For all that, Provided that
再（ふたた）び
Again, Once more, A second time
味（み）
~ness, Used to indicate conditions or nature
と同（おな）じくらい
About the same as, About as, No less
とおなじで・とちがって
Like, Similar to, Unlike, Dissimilar to
と並（なら）んで
In line with, Comparable with, Along with, Just like, As … as
に違（ちが）いない
There is no doubt that, I'm sure
当（あ）たり
Per~, A~, Apiece, Each
に当（あ）たる
Correspond to, Amounts to, Equals to, Is appropriate
に限（かぎ）る
Nothing better than, There's nothing like, Limited to
とは限（かぎ）らない
Not necessarily so, Is not always true, There is no guarantee that
滅多（めった）に〜ない
Hardly, Rarely, Seldom
割（わり）に
Although, Despite, Rather...for, Unexpectedly, Comparatively, Considering
う・よう + とする
Try to, Attempt to, To be about to
う・よう + としたが
Tried to ~ but ~, Was about to ~ but ~, Was going to ~ but ~
言（い）うまでもない ②
It goes without saying, It is needless to say, Of course, Obviously
そうもない
Very unlikely to, Does not seem that, Does not appear that
ない事（こと）はない
Is not impossible, It doesn't mean that it isn't
なんて
Such as, Things like, Emphasis
又（また）〜も
Moreover, Additionally, And also, In addition, Furthermore, Or
序（つい）でに
While you are at it, On the occasion
と共（とも）に
Together with, At the same time, As well as
に連（つ）れて
As…then, In proportion to, (Along) with
直（ただ）ちに
At once, Immediately, As soon as
た途端（とたん）に
The instant or moment, As soon as, Just as
置（お）きに
Repeated at intervals, Every other, Every, At intervals of
度（たび）に
Each time, Every time, Whenever
或（あ）るいは
Or, Possibly, Maybe, Perhaps, Or possibly
ながらも
But, Even while, Even though, Despite, Although
に於（お）いて
In, On, At, Regarding, In terms of
第一（だいいち）
Start, First (point), Foremost, To begin with
益々（ますます）
Increasingly, More and more, Decreasingly, Less and less, Keep -ing
一方（いっぽう）だ
More and more, Continue to, Keep on, -er and -er
一方（いっぽう）で
On the other hand, At the same time, While
遂（つい）に
Finally, At last
既（すで）に
Already, Too late
ずに
Without doing
ずには居（い）られない
Cannot help doing something, Cannot resist doing something
無（な）し
Without, No
あり
Possibility, To have, With
考（かんが）えられない
Unthinkable, Inconceivable, Unimaginable, Cannot think
必（かなら）ずしも
Not always, Not entirely, Not necessarily
連用形（れんようけい）
Formal Conjunctive
向（む）き
Suitable for, Facing
向（む）け
Intended for, Aimed at
上（あ）がる
Something is finished, To finish something, Something has come to an end, To do something completely, To do something through
切（き）る
To do something completely to the end, Utterly, Resolutely
切（き）れない
Being unable to finish or complete
きり
Only, Just, Since
掛（か）け
Half-, Not yet finished, About to, Begin to
に掛（か）けて
Over (a period), From ~ until, Through
立（た）て
Freshly ~ed, Just ~ed
込（こ）む ①
To go into, To put into
込（こ）む ②
Remain, To do thoroughly, Deeply, Intensely
振（ふ）りをする
To pretend, To act as if
できれば
If possible
で良（よ）ければ
If it is alright, If you don't mind, If you would like, If possible
次第（しだい）
As soon as
通（とお）り
In that way, Exactly, Precisely, Just as
でもある
Be also, It also is
どうしても
Regardless of, No matter what
もしも～なら
If, Supposing
同士（どうし）
Fellow, With each other, Mutually, Between, Among, Together, With
がたい
Hard to, Difficult to
まさか
I never dreamed, Never, No way, Don't tell me, You don't say
前者（ぜんしゃ）は～後者（こうしゃ）は
The former ~ the latter, The first ~ the second
つい
Accidentally, Unconsciously, Against one's better judgement
せいで
Because of, Due to, Blame
癖（くせ）に
Even though, And yet, Despite
がち
Apt to do, Tend to do, Prone to do
気味（ぎみ）
Looking, Feeling a little, Touch of, Tending to, Slightly
っぽい
-ish, -like, Characteristic of, Typical of, Tendency to
っぱなし
Leaving something in a certain state, Left as is, Keep on -ing
わざわざ
Expressly, Especially, Go out of one's way, Take the trouble to
一体（いったい）
(What) the heck?, (Who) in the world?, (Where) on earth?, (How many) f*ing...
折角（せっかく）
With trouble, At great pains, Take the trouble, Might as well..., Rare/long-awaited occasion
っけ
What is…again?, Was it... that... ?, Did you say...?
代（か）わりに
Instead of, In place of, In exchange for
に代（か）わって
In place of, On behalf of, To succeed
どころか
Far from, Anything but
と言（い）う理由（りゆう）で
For (that) reason; on the grounds of (that), With the reasoning, Under the pretext of, Due to
は～となっている
It is (has been), Have/has become, Happen to be, Has been established
左右（さゆう）する
Influence, Impact, Control
得（え）る
Is able to, Can, Possible
得（え）ない
Unable to, Cannot
ざるを得（え）ない
Can't help doing, Have no choice but
～ざる
To not ~, Un~
つもりで
With the intention of doing, Instead of..., Act as if or pretend, Believing that..., Thinking that...
どうせ
Anyhow, At any rate, In any case, I have no doubt that, Probably
せめて
At least
どうやら
Apparently, Looks Like, Seems like
なにやら
Something (or other), Some kind of
より他（ほか）ない
To have no choice but, No other way than, Have to
確（たし）かに
Surely, Certainly
一応（いちおう） ①
Just in case, Just to be sure
一応（いちおう） ②
more or less, for the time being, tentatively, roughly
に相違（そうい）ない
Without a doubt, Certainly, Surely, Not mistaken
万（まん）が一（いち）
Just in case, In the worst-case scenario, In the unlikely event, By any chance
様（よう）がない
There's no way to, It's impossible to
に他（ほか）ならない
Nothing but, None other than, Simply
っこない
There is no chance of, There is no way of, Impossible
それなら
Then, If that's the case
ものなら ①
If, If one could, If something would be possible
に任（まか）せる
Leave 〜 up to, Entrust 〜 to
活（い）かす
To make use of (something), To take full advantage of, To capitalize on, To leverage (skills), Bring out (the quality of)
おおよそ
Approximately, Roughly, About, Outline, Gist
まい
Won't, Intend not to, Probably not
上（じょう）
From the standpoint of
上（うえ）に
As well, Besides, In addition to
以上（いじょう） ②
Since, Now that, As long as, If
以上（いじょう）に
More than, No less than, Even more
途中（とちゅう）に
On the way, Partway, In the middle of
中（なか）を
In, On, Into, Inside of
を中心（ちゅうしん）に
Focused on, Centered on or around, Mainly, Most notably
その上（うえ）
Besides, In addition, Furthermore
上（うえ）は
Once, Since, Now that, As long as
の下（もと）で
Under, Under the supervision of, On the basis of
後（あと）の + (Noun)
…left, Rest, Remaining, In, …to, …else
手前（てまえ）
Before, In front of, From one's standpoint or side
を巡（めぐ）って
Concerning, In regard to, About, (Split) over
に渡（わた）って
Across, Throughout, Extends, Over (a period of time or range)
に沿（そ）って
Along, In accordance with, In line with
～た末（すえ）
After, As a conclusion of
に従（したが）って
As, Following, As then, According to, In accordance with
に伴（ともな）って
As, Due, Along with, Hand-in-hand with, Resulted in, Be consequent upon
に就（つ）き
Due to, On account of, Each or every
に付（つ）け
Whenever, Every time something happens
に関（かか）わる
To relate to, To have to do with, Concerning, Depends on
に向（む）かって
Towards, To face, To head to
が気（き）になる
To be interested in, To be concerned about
に気（き）を付（つ）ける
Take care, Be careful, Pay attention, Make sure, Watch out
も構（かま）わず
Without worrying about
兼（か）ねる
Cannot, Be unable to, Hard to, Hesitant to
兼（か）ねない
Might, Could be, Capable of, Possible
を除（のぞ）いて
Except, With the exception of, Unless
に関（かか）わらず
Regardless of, Whether or, No matter, With or without
にも拘（かか）わらず
Despite, In spite of, Regardless, Nevertheless
に限（かぎ）って
Particularly when, Those who, Only when
に限（かぎ）らず
Not just, Not only… but also
尚（なお） ①
Still, Even, Yet
尚（なお） ②
In addition, Incidentally, Furthermore, Moreover
限（かぎ）り
As long as, While… is the case, Limited to
次第（しだい）だ
Depending on, So
次第（しだい）に
Gradually
～てこそ
Only if, Because, By, Unless, Until
を問（と）わず
Regardless of, Whether or not, No matter, With or without
より仕方（しかた）がない
There is no choice but, Can't be helped, Inevitable
に越（こ）したことはない
There is nothing better than, It is the best, Would be the best
要（よう）するに
To sum up, In summary, In short
てからでないと
(Not) unless ~ cannot, (Not) until ~ cannot
なくはない
It's not that…, Kind of, might, Slightly, Somewhat, In some respects
ない事（こと）には～ない
Unless you do something
ないではいられない
Cannot help doing something, Cannot resist doing something
ねばなら + ぬ
Must, Have to, Should
給（たま）え
(Please) do!, Ask to, Beg to, (Order somebody to do something)
の内（うち）で
Of the, Among(st)
つつ
While, And
つつも
Even while ~ing, Even though ~ing, Despite ~ing, Although ~ing
に際（さい）して
On the occasion of, At the time of
際（さい）に
When, At the time of, In case of, On the occasion of
に当（あ）たって
When, When doing something, On the occasion, At the time
を契機（けいき）に
Lead to, As a good opportunity to, As a result of, As a trigger
つつある
-ing, Be -ing
～所（ところ）に
At the time, When, While, Timing
か〜ないかの内（うち）に
Right after, As soon as, Just when, Barely
掛（が）けに
On the way to, As you go
ていては
If one keeps doing something, When, If something is...
ところだった ②
Was just about to do something, Was in the middle of...
どころではない
This is not the time for…, Far from, Out of the question
振（ぶ）りに
For the first time in, Haven't done for some time
～ては
If, With, Since, Because
～ては〜ては
Repeating action, If, Since
も又（また）
Too, Also (with more emphasis than も alone), Again
結果（けっか）
As a result of
以来（いらい）
Since, Henceforth
に先立（さきだ）ち
Before, Prior to, In preference over
果（は）たして
Wonder if ~ (really)?, Wonder how ~ (actually)?, Sure enough, As expected
甲斐（かい）がある
To be (not) worth, To (not) pay off
やがて
Before long, All too soon, In the end, Eventually
従（したが）って
Therefore, Thus, As a result
挙句（あげく）
After, In the end, After all, Eventually
切（き）っ掛（か）け
Lead to, Because of, As a start or trigger of, An opportunity
にかけては
When it comes to, Regarding, Concerning
疾（と）っくに
Already, A long time ago, Long ago
未（いま）だに
Still, Not yet, Even now
を元（もと）に
Based on, From, According to
からには
As long as, Since, Given
いつの間（ま）にか
Suddenly, Unnoticed, Without noticing, Too soon
一旦（いったん）
Once …, If … for a short time, Temporarily (stop), For now or the time being
は元（もと）より
Not only... but also, Let alone, Of course
そうにない
Unlikely to, Showing no signs of
に反（はん）して
Go against, Contrary to
逆（ぎゃく）に
On the contrary
反面（はんめん）
While, On the other hand, Although, However, On the flip side
抜（ぬ）く
All~, Completely, See through, Overcome, To the bitter end
抜（ぬ）きで
Without, Unless
愈々（いよいよ）
At last, Finally, More and more
ずに済（す）む
Get by without doing something, To get away with
に応（おう）じて
Depending or based on, According to, In response to, Suitable for or to
を通（つう）じて
Through, Via, Throughout
に応（こた）えて
In response to, Meet
それとも
Or, Or else, Rather
にしたら
From the point of view of
にしても～にしても
Regardless of whether
としては
As a, For a, As for
としても
Even if (we assume), Assuming, Also as
それにしても
Nevertheless, Even so
ぬ
Classical negative, Classical verb [ない]
事無（ことな）く
Without ~ing
にて
In, At, With, Using, By
には
In order to, In regard to, For
思（おも）う様（よう）に
As one hopes, As desired, As one thought
かと思（おも）うと
Then again, Just when I thought, No sooner than
～ばと思（おも）います
I would appreciate it if, If you could, I would like to think that
と言（い）うものでもない
There is no guarantee that…, Not necessarily
と考（かんが）えられる
Can be considered as, Is thought to be, One can think that, It is conceivable that
と言（い）う点（てん）から考（かんが）えると
From the standpoint of, From the perspective of, From the viewpoint of, Think in terms of, Viewed from the angle of
と言（い）う事（こと）は
That means, That is to say
風（ふう）に
~ way, In a way that suggests, Like ~
と言（い）う風（ふう）に
As if to say, As if to suggest that, In such a way that, Things like
ものの
Although, But, Even Though
と言（い）うものだ
Speaker's impression, Criticism or conclusion
から見（み）ると
From the point of view of, By the look of
ところを見（み）ると
Judging from, Seeing that
からすると
Judging from, Considering
からして
Even..., Judging from, Based on
からといって
Just because
そういえば
Speaking of which, By the way, Come to think of it
お～願（ねが）う
Please, Could you please
～て頂戴（ちょうだい）
Please do
とか
I heard that… something like, They said ... or something
う・よう + ではないか
Let's do something, Why don't we
かの様（よう）だ
As if, Just like
のではないでしょうか
I think ... isn't it?, It might be that..., Don't you agree?
～て当然（とうぜん）だ
Natural, As a matter of course
のも当然（とうぜん）だ
It is only natural that, It is no wonder
たったの
Only, Just, No more than
恐（おそ）れがある
There is a risk or fear that, Be in danger of, Possibility of
恐（おそ）らく
Probably, Perhaps, (Most) likely, (I) fear that
ものか
Definitely not, Absolutely not, Impossible, Do you really think~?
お負（ま）けに
In addition, On top of that, What is more, To make matters worse
に決（き）まっている
Surely, Bound to, Certainly, Be decided
事（こと）になっている
To be expected to, To be scheduled to
気（き）
Feel like ~, Spirit
気（げ）
Seemingly, Giving appearance of, [Expresses emotions or feelings]
事（こと）だから
It is exactly because
ものだから
Because, The reason is
ものですから
Because, My excuse is, My explanation is
ものがある
Strong judgement, There is something, Feel strongly that
傾向（けいこう）がある
Tendency, Trend, Inclination
～に値（あたい）する
Be worthy of, Deserving of, Amounts to
～てしょうがない
Extremely, Very, Really, It can't be helped
だけましだ
At least, It's better than..., One should feel grateful for
幸（さいわ）いなことに
Luckily, Fortunately
様（よう）では
If, If it is true that
流石（さすが）
as one would expect, only natural, that is just like..., even
ことは〜が
It is true...but, although, but
更（さら）に
Even more or further, Again, More and more
精々（せいぜい）
(At) most , (At) best, No more than, Barely
僅（わず）かに
Only, Slightly, A little, Barely, Merely
弱（じゃく）
Just less than
強（きょう）
Just more than
及（およ）び
And, As well as
忽（たちま）ち
Immediately, Quickly, Suddenly, In a moment or flash
いきなり
For no reason, Suddenly, All of a sudden
といった
Such as, Like, So much as
を込（こ）めて
Full of, Filled with, With ～
に加（くわ）えて
Not only...but also, In addition, Not to mention
何（なに）から何（なに）まで
Everything and anything, From A to Z, From head to toe, Everything
は別（べつ）として
Apart from, (Setting) aside, Whether or, Except for, Save for
だけに
As might be expected, Because, All the more because, It's only natural
だけは
To do all that one can, As much or many ~ as one could
だけあって
Is only natural, …Being the case, Because, As might be expected
何（なに）より
Be glad, Be relieved, Most, Best, Above all else, More than anything
何（なん）と言（い）っても
By any account, All the same, No doubt
か何（なに）か
Or something, Or something like that
～てならない
Very, Extremely, Can't help but do
のみ
Only (formal)
のみならず
Not only...but, Not just...but, What is more
それなのに
And yet, Despite this
いわゆる
What is called, So-called, Generally known
に過（す）ぎない
No more than, Just, Merely
も～ば～も
…And…, Both ... and ..., ... And ... as well
でしかない
Merely, Nothing but, No more than
～て堪（たま）らない
Can't help but want to, Very, Extremely
にせよ
Even if, Even though, No matter, Whether… or
何（なに）しろ
No wonder, After all, In fact, Because, At any rate
にしろ〜にしろ
Whether… or
は兎（と）も角（かく）
Setting aside, Apart from
ならともかく
If it's (A), sure, but (B), Putting aside (A), (B)
やら〜やら
Whether or, Things like, And … so on
しかしながら
However, Nevertheless, But
事（こと）にはならない
Just because… doesn't mean…
だけのことはある
No wonder, Not surprising that, As expected
～ては成（な）らない
Must not, Cannot, Should not
～ては居（い）られない
Can't afford to, Unable to
陸（ろく）に～ない
Not well or properly, Not much or enough, Barely, Hardly
しかも
Moreover, Furthermore
～てでも
Even if I have to, By any or all means, No matter what
とも
Even if, No matter
ない訳（わけ）にはいかない
Can't not, No way to avoid
と言（い）う訳（わけ）ではない
It is not that, It doesn't mean that, It is not always the case
のも尤（もっと）もだ
May well, Have or has good reason for, No wonder, … Is only natural
たって
Even if, Even though, No matter how
に至（いた）るまで
(Everything) from...to..., From…up until..., Starting with...ending with...
～たところで
Even if ~ cannot or will not, Even though ~ not
如（ごと）く
Like, Similar to, As if, The same as
に足（た）る
To be worthy of, To be enough, To be sufficient
極（きわ）まりない
Extreme, Extremely
といえども
Even (if), Although, Even though
を以（もっ）て
By means of, With, By, Via, In view of
嫌（きら）いがある
Have a tendency to, Tend to, Be slightly~
ならまだしも
A is fine...but B is not, If it's ~ then it is ok...but ~ is not, It's different when...but, It's not so bad when...but
までもない
There is no need to, Do not have to, It is not necessary to, Needless to
となると
When, If, Once, As
を良（い）い事（こと）に
To take advantage of
如何（いかん）
Depending on
～るまでだ
Just, Merely, Simply, Only
にあって
At, In the (place or situation), Under ~ conditions or circumstances, During, Suited to
を余儀（よぎ）なくされる
To be forced to do something
とは
That..., (Surprised) that..., (Never expected) that..., (Shocked) that...
じゃあるまいし
You are not ~ so..., it isn't ~ so...
～てからと言（い）うもの
After, Since, Ever since then
傍（かたわ）ら
While, Besides, In addition to
を皮切（かわき）りに
Beginning of, Starting with
に至（いた）っては
When it comes to, As for, In particular, What is worse or more
なり
As soon as, The moment, When
とも無（な）く
Absentmindedly, Mindlessly, Unconsciously, Without paying attention
塗（まみ）れ
Stained, Covered in, Smeared, Dirty with, Soaked in
う・よう + が～まいが
Even if, No matter what, Whether or not, [Emphatic], Volitional + が
からする
About, Or more, Over, Starts at
にして ①
At, Over, In, Only (after, when, or because)
ものを
But, Although, If only, I wish I had
であれ
Even if, Even, No matter
を措（お）いて他（ほか）に〜ない
No...but, Nothing else but, None other than
をもって
As of, With, Effective from
とは言（い）え
Though, Although (I admit that), Be that as it may, Nonetheless
ならでは
Unique to, Only, Impossible if not, Expected only of
～たはいいが
It's all well and good but...
すら
Even
あっての
Exist only because of or due to, Owe everything to
～たまで + だ
Just, Merely, Simply, Only
を経（へ）て
Via, Through, After (experience at job, university, etc.), Pass through
ながら + に
While being, Born (with), Traditional (old-fashioned, as it was long ago), As always, While crying or in tears, (Burned) alive
～たなり
While... ~ing, Remaining, Not or ever since, Keep or leave
の極（きわ）み
Ultimate, Extreme, Utter, Epitome, Peak
にして + 見（み）れば
For (A), In the case of (A), From (A)'s point of view, In the eyes of (A)
だの
Things like, And so on, Or something, And whatnot
飽（あ）くまでも
To the (bitter) end, Stubbornly, Persistently
べく
For the purpose of, In order to, To ensure
ところを
When, While, In spite of (the circumstances), Regardless of (the circumstances)
からある
As much as, As many as, At least
にして ②
To be ~ and ~, To be ~ as well as ~, Both ~ and ~
つ (Conjunctive)
two contrasting actions
飽（あ）くまで
Just, Only, Merely, Strictly
であれ〜であれ
Whether or, Or, No matter which, In either case
を境（さかい）に
After (that moment), From (that time)
たら最後（さいご）
Once, Now that, As soon as
如何（いか）なる
What kind of, No matter what kind of, No … (with a negative verb), Any... (with a negative verb)
なりに
In one's own way, Of someone's own, Do one's best in one's own way, As much as one can
れる・られる + ままに
Do as (one is told or ordered…), In accordance with, In compliance with, Just like
に纏（まつ）わる
Surrounding, Related or relating to, Associated with, Connected to
たるに
To be (in a position of), As a, For
なら〜で
If ~ should, Before ~ should
をものともせず
Making nothing of, Ignoring, In defiance of, Regardless of, Disregarding
には当（あ）たらない
No need to/for, Cannot, Not worth it to, Not suitable
ものと思（おも）う
Think that, Believe that, Expect that, Have confidence that, Absolutely
を踏（ふ）まえて
Based on, Considering, Keeping in mind, Taking into account, Therefore
故（ゆえ）に
Because, The reason is, Due to, Therefore, So
と言（い）う
Every single, Each and every, Emphasis, Everything that could be called
に止（とど）まらず
Not limited to, Not only...but also, Not stopping at
と思（おも）いきや
Thought...but, When...thought that...but, Despite having thought...
どうにも
Cannot, There is no way one can, Nothing one can do, Cannot possibly not by any means, Cannot do no matter how hard one tries, Nothing will come out, It is meaningless to
ことだし
(And) so, Because, Since
がん～
Totally, Seriously, Completely, Furiously, Majorly
か否（いな）か
Whether or not
たら〜で
Even if, If
べくして
As expected, Meant to, Supposed to, Destined to, Sure to
ままに (As Desired)
As (one likes, feels or pleases), Spur of the moment, Wherever one fancies, Spontaneously, On a whim
かれ〜かれ
Or, Either or
～に〜ない
Cannot even...if wants, Would like to...but cannot, Wants to...but cannot
なくしては
Without, If not for
のなんのって
So much that, Extremely, Very
にかかっている
To depend on
～て止（や）まない
Never cease to, Always, Sincerely, Greatly, From the bottom of one's heart
くらいなら
Would rather...than, Rather than, Better off
ってば
I said...!, I told you...!, !
ずとも
Even if not, Without, Don't have to
とあって
Since...(it is no wonder that), Because...(it is no wonder that), Due to...(it is no wonder that)
でもなんでもない
Not at all, By no means, Definitely not, Nothing like that, Not really
包（ぐる）みで
Whole, -wide, Across the, Entire, All of, With … altogether
そばから
As soon as, Right after, Even if … still
訳（わけ）あり(訳（わけ）あって)
～ with reasons, Due to reasons, Defective, Problematic, Unique
に至（いた）って
When it came to, Only when, Only after, Go as far as
だに + しない
Not even, Not at all, Never could have
がてら
On the occasion of, While … as well, While … (one is) at it, During, Along the way
んが為（ため）に
In order to, To, For the purpose of
いかん〜ず
Regardless of (whatever … is), Irrespective of (whatever … is)
う・よう + にも～ない
Cannot... even if one wants or tries, Would like but cannot, Wants or tries but cannot
く + もなんともない
Not... or anything, Not at all, Not, By no means, Definitely not, Nothing like that
(Verb) + だに
Just, Even just, Even merely
～なり～なり
Or, Either or
ないでもない
Kind of, Might, Slightly, It’s not (impossible) that, Somewhat, In some respects
もさることながら
It is a fact that, But, Even more than, It goes without saying, Not only but also,
ものと思（おも）っていた
Was under the impression that, (Always) the thought used to think
でなくてなんだろう
If … is not … then what is?
はさておき
(Leaving or putting) aside, Apart
折（おり）には
When, Occasion, Opportunity, Time
とばかりに
As if (to say), Seeming that
わ〜わ
~and ~and, Keep ~ing, One after another, So much, So many, One after the other
なりとも
Even (a little), At least
に至（いた）っても
Even when
を兼（か）ねて
And also, Also (partly) to, Also (partly) for (the purpose of), At the same time, To double as, When … also, While … as well, And as
ないものだろうか
(Why) can’t, Isn’t there, Wish that, If only
～て見（み）せる
I will definitely, I will certainly, Just watch, Whatever it takes, I swear, for sure
相（あい）まって
Combined with, Coupled with, Together with
に足（た）りない
To not be worthy, To not be enough, To not be sufficient, To lack
べからず
Do not, Must not, Should not, Cannot (べからざる)
んばかりに
As if, As if it were about to, About to
に則（のっと）って
According to, In accordance with, Based on, In line with
(Adjective) + 限（かぎ）りだ
Extremely, Really, Very, As ... as one can be
は疎（おろ）か
Let alone, Much less, Needless to say, Not to mention, Not only but also
めく
Like, To show signs of, To have the appearance of, To come to a (state) similar to, Somewhat, An air of, Feels almost like
と言（い）わず
Not only A or B but every-; A, B and every-; Not only A or B but all over; A, B both, whether A or B
にも程（ほど）がある
There is a limit to, You are too ..., How …!, How … one can be!
にもまして
Even -er than, Even more than, More than anything, More than anybody, More than ever
捲（まく）る
Like crazy, Keep doing (without a second thought), Nothing but, On and on, Do … all around, To do a lot of, One after another, All over, Keep, Everything, Constantly, All the time
わ〜わで
And...so, And...because, Since
どうにか
Somehow (or other)
や否（いな）や
As soon as, No sooner than, The minute
次第（しだい）です
Because the reason is, Therefore, The present situation is like this, This is how (it is), Those are the circumstances, This is why
と言（い）うところ
I would say (about), I guess (about), It could be said that, About, At best
１～たりとも～ない
Not even one, Not a single, No (at all)
といっ + たらない
Cannot tell, describe, say or express how, Words cannot express, Too … for words, Extremely
に照（て）らして
In light of, Based on, According to, Referencing, Comparing against, In view of
とあれば
(Emphatic) if, If it is the case that, As (you wish)
さぞ
You must be very, How … you must be, I dare to say, I am sure or certain that you must be very
と来（き）たら ①
When it comes to, That or this … of mine, That or this darn …, That or this blasted …
びる
-like, Looking, Feeling, With an air of, To become
にしたところで
Even, Even for, Even from the perspective of, Even in the case of
ばこそ
Precisely because, Only because, Because, Due to, Only if
ても差（さ）し支（つか）えない
May, Is it a bother if, Do you mind if, Is it a problem if
には及（およ）ばない ①
There is no need to, It is fine if you don’t, Unnecessary
に即（そく）して
In line with, Based on, In accordance with
ないまでも
May not … but (at least), Even though not, Even if not
を余所（よそ）に
Ignoring, Disregarding, Despite
に限（かぎ）ったことではない
Not limited to, Not restricted to, Not only
とは比（くら）べものにならない
Nothing compared to, Cannot be compared to, Much more, Way better, Above comparison (beyond comparison), Far greater than
を顧（かえり）みず
Without regard for, Ignoring, Without concern for
まじき
Unbecoming of, Unworthy of, Not proper for, Should not, Must not, Cannot
の至（いた）り
Utmost, Height of, Extreme, Heartiest, Such a, Very, really, Completely, Deeply
に恥（は）じない
Lives up to, Truly to …’s name, Worthy of, Not dishonor, Not putting to shame, Measure to
ずじまい
Ended up not, Did not (in the end), Never did
に言（い）わせると
If you ask, In … opinion, According to
ったら
Cannot tell, describe, say, express or find words for how, Words cannot express, Too … for words, Extremely
こととて
Due to, Since, On account of, Because
ずくめ
Completely, Entirely, All in, Nothing but, A real streak of, Without exception, Jet
には及（およ）ばない ②
To be no match (for), To not compare (with), To fall short (of), To not reach, Cannot win with, To be out of reach (for), To not be on par (with)
とは言（い）うものの
Although, But, Although I say, Although it is said, Having said that
が早（はや）いか
As soon as, No sooner than, The instant that, No sooner had
に難（かた）くない
Not hard to, Not difficult to, Easy to, Is obvious that
ならいざ知（し）らず
Don’t know about it, Maybe it would or might be possible for
を禁（きん）じ得（え）ない
Cannot help feeling, Cannot but, Cannot hold back
に託（かこつ）けて
In the name of, Using the excuse of, To use as a pretext of, Under the guise or pretense of
様（よう）によっては
Depending on the way, Depending on how
べくもない
No (doubt or hope), There is no way, It is impossible, Not a hope in hell
と来（き）たら ②
For …(is the best), When it comes to, Concerning
ものとして
Assuming, Supposing, (Interpret) as, On the assumption, Regarding, Considering
を前提（ぜんてい）に
On the premise of
ずにはすまない
Won't get away without, Won't get off without, Have to, Have no choice but to, Can’t not
に堪（た）えない
Cannot bear to, Cannot stand to, Too much to, Cannot go on doing, Cannot tolerate
始末（しまつ）だ
Ends up, Finally, In the end, (Unfortunately) As a result, This is what happened, To come about, To wind up
ものなら ②
If you were to do, If you try to, If … happens, Should there be
に引（ひ）き換（か）え
In stark contrast, In comparison, On the other hand, While, In sharp contrast
それまでだ
If… then it is all in vain, It's done, It is useless, No point, It is a waste, That's it, It is all gone,
と言（い）おうか
How to put it, How shall I put it, How should I put it, Or perhaps, Or maybe, Call it … or
ずには措（お）かない
Will definitely, Will certainly, Bound to, Not fail to
を限（かぎ）りに
As of (the end of), (Starting) from, (No longer) after, By (the), Ending with
ては叶（かな）わない
It's unbearable when, It'd be unbearable if, I can't stand it when, I couldn’t stand it if
旁（かたがた）
Partly for (the purpose of), In addition to, Along with, By the way, And also to, Incidentally, While
を余儀（よぎ）なくさせる
Force to, To compel, Make unavoidable
～てやる
Just wait and see, Just you wait, To do a favor, For you, Definitely, For sure
ただ〜のみ
Nothing but, Should, Have to, Only, All that remains,
ものとする
Shall, To assume, To suppose, To consider
との
That, To
以前（いぜん）
Before, Not even, Before even, Precede, Far from
ともあろう
Of all people, Such,
こそすれ〜ない
And certainly not, But certainly not, But, Although, Even though
並（な）み
As, On par with, Worthy of
に先駆（さきが）けて
First, Prior to, Pioneer, Ahead of
を機（き）に
Opportunity, Occasion