接続・範囲 · Connection & scope
も
Also / even
Adds the meaning of "also," "too," or "even." Replaces は, が, or を when used — it cannot stack with them.
When to use
- 私も行く = I will go too
- これも難しい = This is also difficult
- 一人も来なかった = Not even one person came
How to use
- 1も replaces the particle that would otherwise appear (は, が, を).
- 2Attach も directly to the noun being added to the set.
- 3Negative + も can mean "not even."
Cautions
Nuance & non-standard uses
Patterns that go beyond the textbook default — contrast, omission, register shifts, and mixed particles.
も + question word + negative (誰も・何も)
With interrogatives in negative sentences, も means "nobody / nothing / nowhere" — universal quantification inside the negative scope. Positive も (誰も来た) is rarer and means "even everyone came."
何も食べていない。
Haven't eaten anything.
どこにも行かなかった。
Didn't go anywhere — も inside どこに.
も as "as much as" emphasis
も can intensify degree on adjectives and quantities: こんなに長いもんだ (how terribly long), 十時間もかかった (as much as ten hours). This is not the simple "also" sense.
一回でいいもんだ。
Once is plenty / enough — exclamatory もんだ.
それほど難しくはないもんだよ。
It's not that hard, you know — softening + emphasis.
Replacing は / が / を — stacking forbidden
も supplants the case particle entirely: 私も (not *私はも), 本も (not *本をも). If you need both topic frame and "also," restructure: 私は彼も… or use も on the added item only.
田中さんも来る。
Tanaka is coming too — も replaces が/は on the name.
Examples
子供も大人も楽しめる。
Both kids and adults can enjoy it.
水も飲まない。
Doesn't even drink water.